Improving reading comprehension: From metacognitive intervention on strategies to the intervention on working
نویسندگان
چکیده
R E s u M E n Muchos estudiantes pueden leer de forma fluida pero presentan dificultades para construir significados a partir de los textos. Las dificultades de compresión lectora tienen varias implicaciones en la escuela. En particular, los problemas de comprensión de textos interfieren con el estudio y el aprendizaje desde el texto. La comprensión de lectura se ha mejorado en los últimos 30 años enfocándose en los programas de intervención que trabajan con estrategias en las cuales la metacognición juega un papel crucial. Sin embargo, en años recientes han sido relevantes los avances en el estudio de las relaciones entre la memoria de trabajo (WM), particularmente el proceso ejecutivo, y la comprensión de lectura. En este artículo presentamos la manera como se ha desarrollado nuestra investigación en los últimos 20 doi: 10.11144/Javeriana.UPSY12-5.ircm Para citar este artículo: Elosúa, M.R., GarcíaMadruga, J.A., Vila, J.O., Gómez-Veiga, I., & Gil, L. (2013). Improving reading comprehension: From metacognitive intervention on strategies to the intervention on working memory executive processes. Universitas Psychologica, 12(5), 1425-1438. doi: 10.11144/Javeriana.UPSY12-5.ircm * This research was conducted while M. Rosa Elosúa and Juan Antonio García Madruga were receiving Grant DGICYT PSI2008-00754 and ConsoliderIngenio 2010 (CSD2008-00048), both from the Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain.We thank students who voluntarily participated in this research. ** Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Spain. Area of research: Working memory; Text Comprehension; Executive Processes; Strategies on Cognitive Training. Correspondence and requests for reprints should be addressed to: M. Rosa Elosúa. Departamento Psicología Básica I. Facultad de Psicología. UNED. C/ Juan del Rosal, 10. 28040 Madrid (SPAIN) Tfno.: +34 91 398 6224 Fax: +34 91 3987972 e-mail: [email protected] *** Valencia University, Spain. Elosua, M.R., GaRcía-MadRuGa, J. a., Vila, J. o., GóMEz-VEiGa, i., & Gil, l. 1426 Un i v e r s i ta s Ps yc h o l o g i c a V. 12 No. 5 c i e n c i a c o g n i t i va 2013 años, en relación con intervención metacognitiva desde las estrategias de comprensión de textos, tales como la idea principal y el resumen en la intervención sobre el proceso ejecutivo de WM durante la lectura. Así, nuestros datos empíricos recientes han mostrado que la comprensión de textos puede ser mejorada después del tratamiento específico sobre las funciones ejecutivas de memoria de trabajo (e.g., enfocándose, cambiando, conectando y actualizando las representaciones mentales y la inhibición de información irrelevante) en niños de escuela primaria. Palabras clave Comprensión de lectura, estrategias de comprensión de texto, metacognición, entrenamiento en memoria de trabajo, funciones ejecutivas. Palabras clave descriptores Neuropsicología, Ciencia Cognitiva, desarrollo.
منابع مشابه
The Effect of Metacognitive Instruction through Dialogic Interaction on the Reading Comprehension Performance and the Metacognitive Awareness of Iranian EFL Learners
The purpose of this study was to probe the effect of metacognitive strategy instruction through dialogic interaction on the reading comprehension performance and metacognitive awareness of Iranian EFL learners. The data were collected through the Survey of Reading Strategies (SORS) and a reading test to examine changes in metacognitive awareness and reading performance before and after the inte...
متن کاملThe Effect of Metacognitive Instruction through Dialogic Interaction on the Reading Comprehension Performance and the Metacognitive Awareness of Iranian EFL Learners
The purpose of this study was to probe the effect of metacognitive strategy instruction through dialogic interaction on the reading comprehension performance and metacognitive awareness of Iranian EFL learners. The data were collected through the Survey of Reading Strategies (SORS) and a reading test to examine changes in metacognitive awareness and reading performance before and after the inte...
متن کاملImpact of Mediation Types on Iranian EFL Learners’ Reading Comprehension Strategies
The sociocultural theory holds the idea that knowledge to be acquired should be mediated. It underscores the presence of mediation as a crucial factor in internalization of abilities. Given this, the present research was an attempt to examine the effect of mediation on learners’ reading comprehension strategy in light of 2 approaches of response-based (RB) mediation (Vygotsky) and task-based (T...
متن کاملOn the Relationship between Metacognitive Reading Strategies, Reading Self-Efficacy, and L2 Reading Comprehension
The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between metacognitive reading strategies, reading self-efficacy, and reading comprehension of Iranian EFL learners. The participants were 119 Iranian B.A and M.A students majoring in English at Imam Khomeini International University and Islamshahr Azad University. A Michigan Test of English language Proficiency was given to the par...
متن کاملThe Effectiveness of Training in Cognitive-Metacognitive Strategies upon the Cognitive Load and Working Memory of Elementary School Students with Specific Learning Difficulties in Reading
This research has aimed to study the effectiveness of training in cognitive-metacognitive strategies upon the cognitive load and working memory of senior primary school students with specific learning difficulties in reading by means of a semi-experimental method and using pre-tests and post-tests with a control group. The statistical population consisted of senior primary school students from ...
متن کاملThe Effect of Teaching Cognitive and Metacognitive Strategies on Reading Comprehension Ability
The demands of the changing world impose on learners the need to become autonomous readers. This places a responsibility on the shoulders of the teachers to develop an approach to teaching reading which will help readers become independent strategic ones. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of teaching reading strategies on the development of reading comprehension of Iranian ...
متن کامل